【講座資訊／Speech Info.】難民與移工：馬來西亞的平行社會 

時間：2019/6/6，下午14時至下午16時
地點：國立交通大學人社三館101

講者簡介：
唐南發(Josh Hong)獲得倫敦都會大學(London Metropolitan University)文化研究學士學位和倫敦大學亞洲與非洲學院(School of Oriental and African Studies)國際政治碩士學位。他曾在馬來西亞，泰國，中國和印度尼西亞的聯合國難民署工作超過13年，目前是馬來西亞國際勞工組織(International Labour Organization)駐馬來西亞辦事處的國家項目協調員，定居吉隆坡。

講座語言：中英文

講座內容簡介：

自1970年代中開始，馬來西亞就成為東南亞難民暫居的主要國家之一，四十幾年來收容過來自菲律賓，越南，柬埔寨，印尼，緬甸，泰國以及世界其他地區的難民。 
但馬來西亞並未簽署1951年聯合國的難民公約，因此無義務為這些人士提供教育，醫療和就業機會，於是這些責任主要由駐在馬來西亞的聯合國難民署(United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, UNHCR)扛下來。直至今日，有高達16萬的各國難民和尋求庇護者向UNHCR登記，這個數字尚未包括因菲律賓南部動亂而長期居住在沙巴，難以估算的菲律賓籍人口。 

除此之外，馬來西亞還擁有人數龐大的移工群體，是東南亞主要的移工接收國之一。根據人力資源部數據，截至2018年底為止，馬來西亞有證照(documented)的各國移工達180萬，主要來自印尼，孟加拉，尼泊爾，印度和緬甸，而在這個數字之上還有人數可能達到300萬的無證照(undocumented)移工。 

換句話說，馬來西亞人口僅僅3200萬，竟然有將近500萬的外籍人士 - 絕大多數還是無證照者 - 居住其中，難怪這個議題經常成為媒體和公眾的焦點，也是政治人物借題發揮的素材。 

無論難民或移工，其實幾乎都以一種無形的方式存在，和主流馬來西亞社會並行，形成了所謂“平行社會”的現象。儘管這些群體為馬來西亞經濟作出巨大貢獻，基於對國家體制缺乏人權保障的恐懼，加上對主流社會的不信任，他們於教育，就業甚至經貿層面衍生出一套求存的策略。 

本次交流旨在透過馬來西亞特殊的歷史，宗教，族群和文化脈絡，分享他們與一般民眾時而緊張，時而有趣而正面的互動，并解構馬來西亞作為一個“三大族群同心同德”國家的荒謬與謎思。 

主辦單位：國立交通大學/台聯大文化研究國際中心，國立交通大學社文所，亞際文化研究國際碩士學位學程

Title： Refugee and Migrant Worker: Parallel Society in Malaysia

Speaker: Josh Hong received a BA in Cultural Studies from London Metropolitan University and Masters in International Politics from the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London. He has worked for UNHCR in Malaysia, Thailand, China and Indonesia for over 13 years and is currently the National Project Coordinator of the Malaysian International Labour Organization's (ILO) Malaysia office, and currently reside in Malaysia.

Date and time: June 6, 2PM-4PM

Venue: NCTU Department of Human and Social Science Building 3, 101 room

Organizers: National Chiao Tung University/ University System of Taiwan (UST) International Institute for Cultural Studies, Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies, NCTU, International Master Program in Inter Asia Cultural Studies, UST

Conducted in English and Mandarin

Introduction:
Since the mid-1970s, Malaysia has become one of the primary destinations for refugee in South East Asia. For more than 40 years, it has hosted refugees from Philippine, Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand and many other regions of the world.

However, since Malaysia is not 1951 United Nation’s Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees signatory country, and such bear not responsibilities to provide education, health care and employment opportunities to these refugees, henceforth such responsibilities are bear by UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees). To date, they are sixteen thousand refugees and asylum seekers from various countries have registered with UNHCR, but this figure does not include Philippine refugees who have long lived in Sabah due to turmoil in the southern Philippine.
On the other hand, Malaysia also held a large population of migrant workers and is one of the major migrant worker receiving countries in South East Asia. According to Minister of Human Resource, up until the end of 2018, Malaysia has two million fifteen thousand seven hundred sixty documented migrant worker, they mostly come from Indonesia, Bangladesh, Nepal, India and Myanmar, and on top of it, they are around three million undocumented migrant worker.

In other words, even though Malaysia has a total population of 32 million, but comprise nearly five million foreigners – the vast majority are undocumented – living in it. It is no wonder that his phenomena become the focus issue of Malaysia’s media and the general public, and also make use by the politician for their own agenda.

Whether it is refugees or migrant worker, their almost always invisible existence, but also parallel with mainstream Malaysia society, forming so-called “Parallel Society” societal phenomenon. Although these groups have made tremendous contributions toward to Malaysia’s economy. But based on the fear of a lack of human right protection in state institutions, and the distrust of mainstream society, they derive sets of strategies for their education, employment opportunity and even commerce.

Through analyses Malaysia unique history, religion, ethnicity and cultural context, this talk aims to share their tense, but sometimes interesting and positive interactions with the general public, and deconstruct Malaysian ridiculous notion and myth of “unity of Malay, Chinese and Indian”